Sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and bloodborne viruses (BBVs) have gradually become a global health and economic burden. Globally, over 374 million new infections of the four most common and curable STIs – Chlamydia trachomatis, gonorrhoea, syphilis, and trichomoniasis are acquired every year (Shiferaw 2024 et al. 2024), and a significant number of these infections is detected in Australia. Additionally, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continue to be a serious threat to the Australian public health (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2024).
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